Characteristics of platinum

Platinum is a chemical element, commonly known as platinum, belongs to the platinum element, its chemical symbol Pt, is one of the precious metals. Atomic weight 195.078, slightly less than the atomic weight of gold, atomic number 78, belonging to the transition metal.

Platinum is a transition metal, large density, can be extended, color silver, metallic luster, hardness 4-4.5, the relative density of 21.45. The melting point is 1773 ° C. Rich ductility, can be pulled into a very fine platinum wire, rolled into a very thin platinum foil. Chemical properties are very stable, insoluble in strong acid and alkali, in the air is not oxidized. But the following substances can dissolve platinum:

Wang water (a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid in a 1: 3 (by volume) mixture)

Although the water can dissolve platinum, but this is related to the state of platinum, dense platinum at room temperature, the dissolution of the king water is very slow, diameter 1 mm platinum wire to 4-5 hours to completely dissolve. The platinum black (platinum powder) reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid upon heating to produce Pt (SO4) 2, SO2 and water. Chloroplatinic acid is prepared by dissolving platinum metal in aqua regia. The product of this reaction is H2PtCl6, rather than the previously mentioned nitrogen-containing platinum compound. Chloroplatinic acid is a reddish brown solid that can be obtained from the evaporation of the solution.

Pt + 4 HNO3 + 6 HCl → H2PtCl6 + 4 NO2 + 4 H2O

Alkali metal cyanide

Alkali metal cyanide can also dissolve platinum, and platinum can react with halogen at high temperature, but selenium, tellurium and phosphorus are more likely to react with platinum. The dense metal platinum is not oxidized at any temperature in the air.
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